Apart from standards, integrated concepts such as Product Environmental Footprint, Organisational Environmental Footprint, Circular Economy, and others, are gaining more and more attention.Īll the approaches have at its core a life cycle approach.
The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach is standardised in ISO 1404, and was the “master template” for other more specific standards and pre-standards (take water footprint, climate change).
Both concepts became mainstream, with applications in policy and industry, large and small enterprises, academia and research, and not only in Europe, USA and Japan, but worldwide.Īlso the indicators have expanded and “diversified”, from CO2 to Global Warming Potential to complete Life Cycle Impact Assessment methods with 15 different categories to social impacts and economic impacts.Īnd not the least, the conceptual frameworks for addressing Sustainability have changed and diversified. Sustainability and Life Cycle Assessment is a wide field, and has grown from visionary concepts of Brundtland and (on a more narrow area, for LCA) SETAC.
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